Unlocking the Potential of Ent-Idoxuridine Clinical Applications
Ent-Idoxuridine, also known as 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine, is a cytosolic DNA synthesis inhibitor that acts by blocking the conversion of deoxycytidine to deoxyadenosine through the inhibition of the enzyme deoxycytidine kinase. As an enantiomer of idoxuridine, it shares the same mechanism of action. Notably, ent-idoxuridine is resistant to exonucleases and has demonstrated effectiveness in treating immunodeficiency caused by HIV.
CAS Number and Chemical Properties:
English Name: Idoxuridine
English Synonyms: 2'-Deoxy-L-5-iodouridine
CAS Number: 162239-35-2
Molecular Formula: C9H11IN2O5
Molecular Weight: 354.1
Clinical Applications:
Idoxuridine is a pyrimidine analog antiviral medication primarily used for the treatment of viral eye infections, including herpes simplex keratitis. It functions as an analog of deoxyuridine, inhibiting viral DNA synthesis. The drug is used as an antiviral agent and is specifically effective against herpes simplex keratitis, particularly in treating epithelial lesions, especially initial attacks presenting with a dendritic ulcer. However, it is less responsive in cases of infection with stromal involvement. It is important to note that idoxuridine is ineffective against herpes simplex virus type 2 and varicella-zoster.
Chemical Relevance:
Idoxuridine is a nucleoside analogue, representing a modified form of deoxyuridine. It is similar enough to be incorporated into viral DNA replication, but the added iodine atom to the uracil component blocks base pairing. Due to its cardiotoxicity, idoxuridine is used exclusively as a topical medication. Synthesized by William Prusoff in the late 1950s, idoxuridine was initially developed as an anticancer drug and later became the first antiviral agent in 1962.
In conclusion, ent-idoxuridine, as an enantiomer of idoxuridine, presents a promising avenue for the treatment of viral infections, particularly in the context of HIV-related immunodeficiency. Its chemical properties and clinical applications make it a significant subject of study and potential therapeutic use in the field of antiviral medications.
Regarding the questions:
Idoxuridine 0.1 ophthalmic solution: Idoxuridine 0.1 ophthalmic solution is a topical medication used for the treatment of viral eye infections, particularly herpes simplex keratitis.
Idoxuridine eye drops: Idoxuridine eye drops are a form of topical medication designed for the treatment of viral eye infections, such as herpes simplex keratitis.
Idoxuridine eye drops for cats: Idoxuridine eye drops may be used for the treatment of viral eye infections in cats, but it's important to consult a veterinarian for proper guidance and dosage.
Idoxuridine for cats: Idoxuridine may be used for the treatment of viral eye infections in cats, but it should be administered under the guidance of a veterinarian.
Idoxuridine solution: Idoxuridine solution refers to a liquid form of the medication used for topical application in the treatment of viral eye infections.
Idoxuridine ophthalmic solution (compounded): This refers to a specially prepared ophthalmic solution of idoxuridine, likely tailored to specific patient needs.
Idoxuridine structure: The structure of idoxuridine consists of a modified form of deoxyuridine with an added iodine atom, which blocks base pairing during viral DNA replication.
Idoxuridine cream: Idoxuridine cream may not be a common formulation, as idoxuridine is typically used in ophthalmic solutions for the treatment of viral eye infections.
This information is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered as medical advice. It's important to consult a healthcare professional for personalized medical guidance.